CVE-2023-20198

Confirmed PUBLISHED

Cisco is providing an update for the ongoing investigation into observed exploitation of the web UI feature in Cisco IOS XE Software. We are...

Cisco · Cisco IOS XE Software

Exploited in the wild Active exploitation observed PoC available

Recommended Action

Prioritize immediate patching and validate internet-facing exposure. Monitor for matching exploitation attempts in your environment.

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Confidence

Confirmed

Exploitation Status

Active exploitation observed

Observed in Sensors

Yes

Attempts (30d)

Unique Attacker IPs

CISA KEV

In CISA KEV

CVSS / EPSS

10.0 Critical EPSS 99.6%

At a Glance

Cisco is providing an update for the ongoing investigation into observed exploitation of the web UI feature in Cisco IOS XE Software. We are updating the list of fixed releases and adding the Software Checker. Our investigation has determined that the actors exploited two previously unknown issues. The attacker first exploited CVE-2023-20198 to gain initial access and issued a privilege 15 command to create a local user and password combination. This allowed the user to log in with normal user access. The attacker then exploited another component of the web UI feature, leveraging the new local user to elevate privilege to root and write the implant to the file system. Cisco has assigned CVE-2023-20273 to this issue. CVE-2023-20198 has been assigned a CVSS Score of 10.0. CVE-2023-20273 has been assigned a CVSS Score of 7.2. Both of these CVEs are being tracked by CSCwh87343.

edge nuclei_scanner ios nessus_scanner metasploit cisa

CVE Published: Oct 16, 2023
Exploitation Reported: Oct 16, 2023
CVSS: 10.0 Critical
EPSS: 99.6%

Remote Low complexity No user interaction Unauthenticated

Affected Versions

186 version rows · page 1 of 8

Vendor	Product	Version	Status
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.1.1	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.1.2	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.1.3	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.2.1	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.2.2	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.3.1	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.3.2	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.3.3	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.3.1a	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.3.4	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.3.5	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.3.5b	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.3.6	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.3.7	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.3.8	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.3.9	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.3.10	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.3.11	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.4.1	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.4.2	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.4.3	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.5.1	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.5.1a	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.5.1b	Affected
Cisco	Cisco IOS XE Software	16.5.2	Affected

CVE References

cisco-sa-iosxe-webui-privesc-j22SaA4z sec.cloudapps.cisco.com · CVE Record https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurity...

Recommended Actions

Prioritize immediate patching and validate internet-facing exposure. Monitor for matching exploitation attempts in your environment.
Review sensor telemetry for request paths, attacker IPs, and payload patterns that may inform detection and exposure validation.
Check enrichment artifacts for scanner coverage and available PoCs before rolling remediation validation.
Use the Pro API to automate enrichment, telemetry, and workflow delivery for VM, SOC, and CTI pipelines.

Known Exploited Vulnerability Sources

Catalogues that list this CVE as a known exploited vulnerability.

Per-source evidence links for KEV attestations are available through the KEVIntel Pro API.

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Source	Added
CISA First	2023-10-16 00:00 UTC
The Shadowserver	2026-06-01 00:00 UTC
Tenable Blog	2026-06-02 14:20 UTC
KEVIntel	2026-07-07 13:59 UTC

Operational indicators for this CVE are listed on the Detection tab.

Indicators of Compromise (IoCs)

Attacker IP IoCs observed in KEVIntel sensors are available to Pro and Enterprise accounts on the Detection tab and through the Pro API.

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Observed Detection Signals (30d)

Aggregate counts from KEVIntel sensor telemetry for this CVE.

Distinct request paths: 4
Distinct User-Agents: 3

The specific request paths and User-Agents attackers are using are available on Pro and Enterprise plans.

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Scanner Artifacts

Nuclei and Metasploit references linked to this CVE.

Scanner	Reference	Detected
Nuclei	https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/cves/2023/CVE-2023-20198.yaml	Apr 25, 2025
Metasploit	https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/linux/misc/cisco_ios_xe_rce.rb	Apr 28, 2025

CVSS Scores

CVSS v3.1 10.0 Critical

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Exploitation Status

Exploited in the wild

Recorded 2023-10-16 00:00:00 UTC · CISA

Active exploitation observed

Recorded 2026-06-12 00:33:04 UTC · KEVIntel sensor

Proof of concept available

Recorded 2023-10-17 07:35:50 UTC · GitHub

Weaknesses (CWE)

CWE-420

Unprotected Alternate Channel

Scanner Integrations

Scanner	Reference	Detected
Metasploit	https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/linux/misc/cisco_ios_xe_rce.rb	Apr 28, 2025
Nuclei	https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/cves/2023/CVE-2023-20198.yaml	Apr 25, 2025
Nessus	https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/184452	Nov 06, 2023

Recent Mentions

Inside the customer environment: Where threat actors, vulnerabilities, and exposed assets intersect

Tenable Blog · May 27, 2026

Tenable Research has developed a graph-based model linking 600+ threat groups to real-world customer exposures. It reveals which vulnerabilities sit at the intersection of severity, active exploitation, and organizational risk.Key takeawaysThe "patch everything" strategy is dead: Vulnerability prioritization based on exploitation risk offers a path forward. A directed graph model linking 600+ threat actors to vulnerabilities in 7,800 customer environments reveals that 68% of organizations carry at least one CVE previously exploited by a named adversary, and 321 tracked threat groups can reach at least one customer environment through an active vulnerability. Prevalence of "Elite Arsenal" CVEs requires immediate attention: The 242 "Elite Arsenal" CVEs — those meeting all three criteria of critical VPR (≥ 9), CISA KEV listing, and documented threat group exploitation — are nearly universally present across the studied customer base, with 241 of 242 actively detected. More than half are five or more years old, and 78% of the persistently exploited core are simultaneously weaponized by nation-state APTs, commodity malware operators, and ransomware gangs. Non-CVE exposures are universally dangerous: Non-CVE exposures, including misconfigurations, weak credentials, and end-of-life software, are present in virtually 100% of studied organizations, with 60% carrying at least one that maps to a tracked threat actor's preferred techniques. Preliminary modeling suggests these exposures may confer more breach risk than CVE-linked findings, yet no industry-standard scoring infrastructure exists to prioritize them.While the first two posts in this blog series documented the accelerating vulnerability flood and the widening remediation gap, today we answer the outstanding question: Where do these forces actually collide inside customer environments? Using a directed graph model that maps more than 600 tracked threat groups to vulnerabilities observed across 7,800 organizations,...

China-linked Salt Typhoon Exploits Critical Cisco Vulnerability to Target Canadian Telecom

TheHackerNews · Jun 24, 2025

The Canadian Centre for Cyber Security and the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) have issued an advisory warning of cyber attacks mounted by the China-linked Salt Typhoon actors to breach major global telecommunications providers as part of a cyber espionage campaign. The attackers exploited a critical Cisco IOS XE software (CVE-2023-20198, CVSS score: 10.0) to access configuration

Cybersecurity Snapshot: U.K. NCSC’s Best Cyber Advice on AI Security, the Quantum Threat, API Risks, Mobile Malware and More

Tenable Blog · May 09, 2025

In this special edition of the Cybersecurity Snapshot, we bring you some of the most valuable guidance offered by the U.K. National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) in the past 18 months. Check out best practices, recommendations and insights on protecting your AI systems, APIs and mobile devices, as well as on how to prep for post-quantum cryptography, and more.In case you missed it, here are six NCSC recommendations to help your organization fine-tune its cybersecurity strategy and operations.1 - How to migrate to quantum-resistant cryptographyIs your organization planning to adopt cryptography that can resist attacks from future quantum computers? If so, you might want to check out the NCSC’s “Timelines for migration to post-quantum (PQC) cryptography,” a white paper aimed at helping organizations plan their migration to quantum-resistant cryptography.“Migration to PQC can be viewed as any large technology transition. In the guidance, we describe the key steps in such a transition, and illustrate some of the cryptography and PQC-specific elements required at each stage of the programme,” reads a companion blog. At a high-level, the NCSC proposes these three key milestones:By 2028Define the organization’s migration goals.Assess which services and infrastructure need to have their cryptography upgraded to PQC.Draft an initial migration plan that includes, for example, the highest priority migration steps; the necessary investment; and what you’ll need from your suppliers.By 2031Execute the first, most important PQC migration steps.Refine the PQC migration plan to ensure the roadmap will be fulfilled.Ensure your infrastructure is ready to support PQC.By 2035Complete your PQC migration.Organizations need to migrate to PQC because quantum computers will be able to decrypt data protected with today’s public-key cryptographic algorithms. These powerful quantum computers are expected to become generally available at some point between 2030 and 2040.The U.S. National...

Potential Proof of Concepts

These PoCs are unverified and could contain malware. Use at your own risk.

sanan2004/CVE-2023-20198

github · Created 2024-08-26 08:16:28 UTC · 0 stars

W01fh4cker/CVE-2023-20198-RCE

github · Created 2024-04-25 06:59:53 UTC · 38 stars

CVE-2023-20198-RCE, support adding/deleting users and executing cli commands/system commands.

Vulnmachines/Cisco_CVE-2023-20198

github · Created 2023-12-11 10:41:48 UTC · 2 stars

Cisco CVE-2023-20198

smokeintheshell/CVE-2023-20198

github · Created 2023-11-16 16:39:38 UTC · 45 stars

CVE-2023-20198 Exploit PoC

RevoltSecurities/CVE-2023-20198

github · Created 2023-11-03 13:05:59 UTC · 7 stars

An Exploitation script developed to exploit the CVE-2023-20198 Cisco zero day vulnerability on their IOS routers

IceBreakerCode/CVE-2023-20198

github · Created 2023-10-25 21:15:58 UTC · 1 stars

ohlawd/CVE-2023-20198

github · Created 2023-10-25 21:02:22 UTC · 0 stars

mr-r3b00t/CVE-2023-20198-IOS-XE-Scanner

github · Created 2023-10-25 07:13:59 UTC · 2 stars

kacem-expereo/CVE-2023-20198

github · Created 2023-10-24 09:36:37 UTC · 1 stars

Check a target IP for CVE-2023-20198

Shadow0ps/CVE-2023-20198-Scanner

github · Created 2023-10-23 19:25:29 UTC · 30 stars

This is a webshell fingerprinting scanner designed to identify implants on Cisco IOS XE WebUI's affected by CVE-2023-20198 and CVE-2023-20273

Pushkarup/CVE-2023-20198

github · Created 2023-10-23 16:04:23 UTC · 8 stars

A PoC for CVE 2023-20198

sohaibeb/CVE-2023-20198

github · Created 2023-10-20 23:34:12 UTC · 2 stars

CISCO CVE POC SCRIPT

Tounsi007/CVE-2023-20198

github · Created 2023-10-18 08:50:49 UTC · 9 stars

CVE-2023-20198 PoC (!)

JoyGhoshs/CVE-2023-20198

github · Created 2023-10-18 07:53:29 UTC · 0 stars

Checker for CVE-2023-20198 , Not a full POC Just checks the implementation and detects if hex is in response or not

ZephrFish/CVE-2023-20198-Checker

github · Created 2023-10-17 22:41:14 UTC · 30 stars

CVE-2023-20198 & 0Day Implant Scanner

securityphoenix/cisco-CVE-2023-20198-tester

github · Created 2023-10-17 15:44:01 UTC · 1 stars

cisco-CVE-2023-20198-tester

Atea-Redteam/CVE-2023-20198

github · Created 2023-10-17 08:00:18 UTC · 18 stars

CVE-2023-20198 Checkscript

raystr-atearedteam/CVE-2023-20198-checker

github · Created 2023-10-17 07:35:50 UTC · 0 stars

Cisco IOS XE Web UI - Command Injection

nuclei · Created Unknown

Timeline

Key exploitation, disclosure, scanner coverage, and KEV attestation events for this CVE.

12 Jun 2026 00:33 UTC about 1 month ago

12 Jun 2026 00:33 UTC · about 1 month ago

Observed by KEVIntel sensors

Evidence-backed exploitation signal
12 Jun 2026 00:33 UTC about 1 month ago

12 Jun 2026 00:33 UTC · about 1 month ago

Indicators of compromise added (10)

Indicators of compromise recorded
2 Jun 2026 14:20 UTC about 2 months ago

2 Jun 2026 14:20 UTC · about 2 months ago

KEV confirmed by Tenable Blog

Exploitation attested by an external source
1 Jun 2026 00:00 UTC about 2 months ago

1 Jun 2026 00:00 UTC · about 2 months ago

KEV confirmed by The Shadowserver

Exploitation attested by an external source
28 Apr 2025 15:02 UTC about 1 year ago

28 Apr 2025 15:02 UTC · about 1 year ago

Metasploit module available

Exploit module available
25 Apr 2025 00:00 UTC about 1 year ago

25 Apr 2025 00:00 UTC · about 1 year ago

Nuclei template available

Scanner coverage available
6 Nov 2023 18:46 UTC over 2 years ago

6 Nov 2023 18:46 UTC · over 2 years ago

Nessus plugin available

Scanner coverage available
17 Oct 2023 07:35 UTC almost 3 years ago

17 Oct 2023 07:35 UTC · almost 3 years ago

Public PoC available

Public proof-of-concept code published
16 Oct 2023 15:12 UTC almost 3 years ago

16 Oct 2023 15:12 UTC · almost 3 years ago

CVE published

Vulnerability disclosed publicly
16 Oct 2023 00:00 UTC almost 3 years ago

16 Oct 2023 00:00 UTC · almost 3 years ago

Added to CISA KEV

Listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog
27 Oct 2022 18:47 UTC over 3 years ago

27 Oct 2022 18:47 UTC · over 3 years ago

CVE ID reserved

Identifier reserved by the CNA

Automate This Intelligence with the Pro API

Confidence scoring, exploit status, sensor telemetry, PoCs, scanner integrations, mentions, and tags are available programmatically for VM, SOC, and CTI workflows.

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Pro API Example

GET /api/v2/pro/kevs/CVE-2023-20198

{
  "cve_id": "CVE-2023-20198",
  "title": "Cisco is providing an update for the ongoing investigation into observed expl...",
  "affected_vendor": "Cisco",
  "affected_product": "Cisco IOS XE Software",
  "affected_versions": [
    { "vendor": "...", "product": "...", "status": "affected", "display_label": "..." }
  ],
  "confidence": "Confirmed",
  "cvss_score": 10.0,
  "epss_score": 0.99571,
  "exploit_status": {
    "exploited_in_the_wild": true,
    "active_exploitation_observed": true
  },
  "sensor_telemetry": { "...": "Pro API fields" },
  "proof_of_concepts": [ "..." ],
  "scanner_integrations": [ "..." ]
}

The free JSON API returns basic KEV fields only. Confidence, telemetry, and artifact enrichment require Pro API access.

CVE-2023-20198

At a Glance

Affected Versions

CVE References

Recommended Actions

Known Exploited Vulnerability Sources

Observed Exploitation Attempts

Exploitation Attempts Over the Last 39 Days

See more exploitation detail

Indicators of Compromise (IoCs)

Observed Detection Signals (30d)

Scanner Artifacts

Virtual Patch

CVSS Scores

Exploitation Status

Weaknesses (CWE)

Scanner Integrations

Recent Mentions

Potential Proof of Concepts

Timeline

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